Introduction

Harassment includes unwanted conduct based on protected characteristics or power dynamics that creates a hostile environment, interferes with work, or humiliates and intimidates another person. It can be overt or subtle, intentional or unintentional, and may involve words, actions, or digital messages.

Common forms include sexual harassment, racial harassment, age based harassment, disability based harassment, religious or gender identity based harassment, and digital harassment such as abusive messages or online shaming. Microaggressions are small, often unintentional slights that reflect underlying bias and power imbalances.

• Sexual harassment: unwelcome sexual advances, comments, or requests for favors that affect employment or create a hostile workplace.
• Racial harassment: insulting or demeaning remarks, stereotypes, or exclusion based on race or ethnicity.
• Age harassment: stereotypes or mistreatment based on age, whether younger or older.
• Disability harassment: disrespect or mockery toward someone due to disability or needs.
• Digital harassment: harmful messages, threats, or doxxing via email, chat, or social platforms.
• Microaggressions: subtle, often unintentional remarks that convey bias toward a protected group.

Case example: A team member repeatedly makes off color jokes about a coworker’s gender identity during meetings, despite requests to stop. The behavior creates discomfort and signals a hostile environment to others.