This lesson reviews the major protected characteristics commonly recognized worldwide and discusses how to apply these categories in policy design and day-to-day HR practices.
Core Protected Characteristics Across Jurisdictions
This lesson reviews the major protected characteristics commonly recognized worldwide and discusses how to apply these categories in policy design and day-to-day HR practices.

Global categories

Many legal frameworks identify core protected characteristics, though definitions vary by country. Common categories include race, color, national origin, sex, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, age, disability, religion, pregnancy, and marital status.

Some regions expand protections to genetic information, caste, or union membership. Understanding local scope helps in designing compliant and effective policies.

Practical application

Policies should recognize these categories while providing clear guidance on respectful interactions, accommodation needs, and avenues for reporting concerns.

  • Recruitment and promotion practices free from bias
  • Reasonable accommodations for disabilities
  • Respectful language and inclusive communication